Unterschiede

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--- cymbopogon_citratus_stapf [2016/05/17 11:03] – andreas
+++ cymbopogon_citratus_stapf [2021/11/21 13:16] (aktuell) – andreas
@@ Zeile 6: / Zeile 6: @@
 The fresh fragrant leaves are traditionally used in cooking especially in Asia. \\
 [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cymbopogon_citratus]]
+Cymbopogon citratus and [[cymbopogon_flexuosus_nees_ex_steud._j.f._watson|Cympogon flexuosus]] are the source of lemongrass oil, which is valued for its citral content, with fresh, strongly citrusy, lemon-like and pungent odor. Lemongrass oil from various origins contained mainly geranial (10-62%) and neral (3-38%), together with geraniol (0.1-40%), and myrcene (0.1-21%). \\
+[Boelens, Mans H. „Sensory and chemical evaluation of tropical grass oils.“ Perfumer & flavorist 19.2 (1994): 29-45]
+|{{:citral.jpg}} \\ citral (geranial, neral) |{{:geraniol.jpg| geraniol }} \\ geraniol |{{:myrcene.jpg}} \\ myrcene |
 "The leaves contain up to 1.5% (d.wt) essential oils with a typical lemon-like aroma, ... The major components of the essential oil, as determined by hydrodistillation followed by gas chromatography and mass-spectrometry were citral (41% geranial and 30% neral), myrcene (15%), geraniol (5%), and lower levels of nerol and other volatiles (0.5%)." \\
 [Histochemical Localization of Citral Accumulation in Lemongrass Leaves
-(Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf., Poaceae). Efraim Lewinsohn, Nativ Dudai, Yaakov Tadmor, Irena Katzir, Uzi Ravid, Eli Putievsky Daniel M. Joel, Annals of Botany 81: 35-39, 1998] [http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/81/1/35.full.pdf+html]]
+(Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf., Poaceae). Efraim Lewinsohn, Nativ Dudai, Yaakov Tadmor, Irena Katzir, Uzi Ravid, Eli Putievsky Daniel M. Joel, Annals of Botany 81: 35-39, 1998] [[http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/81/1/35.full.pdf+html]]
+Lemongrass extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide at 23-50°C and 85-120 bar aforded essential oils with geranial (44.6-53.0%), neral (26.6-32.6%) and myrcene (1.0-9.9%) as main components and geraniol (1.8-3.2%), linalool (0.8-1.2%), neryl acetate (0.2-1.7%), geranyl acetate (0.2-0.8%), and 2-undecanone (0.4-0.7%) eg as minor constituents. \\
+[Extraction of lemongrass essential oil with dense carbon dioxide., Carlson, L.H.C., Machado, R.A.F., Spricigo, C.B., Pereira, L.K., Bolzan, A., The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 21(1), 2001, 33-39]
-|{{:citral.jpg}} \\ citral \\ (geranial, neral) |{{:myrcene.jpg}} \\ myrcene |
+Extraction of dried and ground leaves of lemon grass with supercritical CO2 was more effective (yield 0.65%) than hydrodistillation (yield 0.43%). Citral represented more than 68% of the extraxt (hydrodistillation 73%). \\
+[Comparative analysis of the oil and supercritical CO2 extract of Cymbopogon citratus Stapf., Marongiu, B., Piras, A., Porcedda, S., Tuveri, E., Natural product research, 20(05), 2006, 455-459]
 "Five constituents, which accounted for 96.3% of the oil, were identified in the EO of C. citratus. Geranial (48.1%), neral (34.6%) and myrcene (11.0%) were the major constituents." \\
@@ Zeile 24: / Zeile 33: @@
 [Antifungal Activity of Essential Oils from Indian Medicinal Plants Against Human Pathogenic Aspergillus fumigatus and A. niger. Sunita Bansod, Mahendra Rai, World Journal of Medical Sciences 3 (2): 81-88, 2008] [[http://idosi.org/wjms/3(2)08/7.pdf]]
+Citral and the leaf extract of C. citratus significantly reduced the spontaneous, ACh- and KCl-induced contractions of isolated rabbit ileum. Citral almost abolished the effect of increasing strength of contraction of added CaCl2, while the leaf extract shifted the calcium concentration-response curve to the right, suggesting a calcium antagonistic effect. \\
+[Spasmolytic effect of citral and extracts of Cymbopogon citratus on isolated rabbit ileum., Devi, R.C., Sim, S.M., Ismail, R., Journal of Smooth Muscle Research, 47(5), 2011, 143-156]
-{{:cymbopogon_c.jpg?500}} \\
+{{:cymbopogon_c.jpg?600}} \\
 Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf as Andropogon citratus DC. \\
 Kirtikar, K.R., Basu, B.D., Indian medicinal plants, Plates, vol. 5: t. 1018 (1918) \\
 [[http://plantgenera.org/species.php?id_species=305393]]