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Clarkia breweri (A. Gray) Greene - Onagraceae - Brewer's clarkia, fairy fans, **Feenfächer-Clarkie**

Annual herb, up to 20cm high, endemic to California; leaves linear to lanceolate, blade 2-5 cm; corolla rotate, petals 1.5-2.5 cm, pink. \\
[[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?5263,5341,5357|Harlan Lewis: Clarkia, The Jepson Manual (1993)]]  

Floral headspace volatiles identified from C.breweri were: linalool (27-38%), trans-linalool oxide (pyranoid, 10-20%), cis-linalool oxide (furanoid, 0.7-1.6%), benzyl acetate (22-42%), benzyl benzoate (3-6%), eugenol (1-5%), methyl salicylate (3-4%), vanillin (0.7-1%), and others. \\
[Floral volatiles from Clarkia breweri and C. concinna (Onagraceae): recent evolution of floral scent and moth
pollination, Robert A. Raguso, Eran Pichersky,  P1. Syst. Evol., 194, 1995, 55-67] [[http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/41639/606_2004_Article_BF00983216.pdf?sequence=1|PDF]] 

|{{:linalool.jpg| linalool}} \\ linalool |{{:benzylacetate.jpg|benzyl acetate}} \\ benzyl acetate |{{:eugenol.jpg|eugenol}} \\ eugenol |{{:methylsalicylat.jpg| methyl salicylate }} \\ methyl salicylate |{{:vanillin.jpg| vanillin}} \\ vanillin |  

"... GC-MS analyses of C. breweri floral scent identified (S)-linalool and it’s pyranoid oxide, together with benzyl acetate, as the most abundant volatiles emitted over the course of 4-6 days, with a peak in abundance during the first 36 h (Pichersky et al. 1994). The additional five to 12 floral volatiles identified in our analyses were aromatic esters and alcohols produced by the shikimate pathway...  Six- and 12-h scent collection periods over a time course of 5 days revealed that there were no marked quantitative or qualitative differences in diurnal versus nocturnal emissions, unlike the pronounced circadian rhythmicity of linalool emission in many species of night-blooming plants. Scent analyses from modified C. breweri flowers identified
autonomous emissions of linalool by all floral organs, in amounts roughly proportional to their relative masses, while linalool oxides were emitted exclusively by the pistil." \\
[New Perspectives in Pollination Biology: Floral Fragrances. A day in the life of a linalool molecule: Chemical communication in a plant‐pollinator system. Part 1: Linalool biosynthesis in flowering plants. Raguso, R. A., & Pichersky, E., Plant Species Biology, Vol.14(2), 1999, 95-120] [[http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/74100/j.1442-1984.1999.00014.x.pdf?sequence=1|PDF]]

{{:clarkia_breweri.jpg|Clarkia breweri}} \\ 
Clarkia breweri, California, USA (2023) © Marcus Tamura [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/|CC BY-SA 4.0]] [[https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=56067|inaturalist.org]]