Tinkturenpresse

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Corylus maxima Mill. - Betulaceae - (giant) filbert, **Lambertshasel**, Lambertnuß

The latin name is not accepted as C.maxima is seen as a form of [[corylus_avellana_l|Corylus avellana]]. \\
Deciduous shrub or tree, up to 10m tall, native to southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia; leaves round to ovate (a purple-leaved form is grown as ornamental); flowers in catkins produced in late winter, the male pale yellow, female bright red; nuts 1.5-2.5cm long, fully enclosed in a 3-5 cm long husk. 

C. maxima is more sensitive to cold than C.avellana. Their main growing area is located in the Turkish Black Sea region, where three-quarters of the world's produced commercially available "hazelnuts" are produced. 
[[http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambertshasel|wikipedia]]

Giant filberts are bigger and taste slightly sweeter than the fruits of C.avellana. \\
[Jahrb. Bochumer Bot. Ver.7, 197-211 (2016)] [[http://www.botanik-bochum.de/jahrbuch/Pflanzenportraet_Corylus_avellana.pdf|PDF]]

Volatiles of hazelnut oil (Turkey, cold-pressed from roasted seeds) were characterized by high amounts of acetic acid (33.7%), 3-methylbutanal (19.1%), 2-methylbutanal (14.0%), and hexanal (3.3%). Compounds with known impact on roasted notes were 2-methylpyrazine (3.2%), furfural (2.3%), furfurylalcohol (0.5%), dimethylpyrazines (4.4%), γ-butyrolactone (1.1%), and benzaldehyde (0.7%). \\
[Bail, Stefanie, et al. „Characterization of volatile compounds and triacylglycerol profiles of nut oils using SPME‐GC‐MS and MALDI‐TOF‐MS.“ European journal of lipid science and technology 111.2 (2009): 170-182] 

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Hazelnut paste for hazelnut spread: "A set of authentic hazelnut pastes and model samples containing various hazelnut paste amounts (from 0.1% to 28%) were analysed. Due to the variability found in filbertone content, it was not possible to propose a sufficiently robust model for the hazelnut paste quantification, however, filbertone was found to be a proper marker for the quality sorting of commercial hazelnut spreads.  Available  hazelnut  spreads  from  the  market  were  analysed  and  classified  into  three  groups:  samples  with  minimal content of hazelnuts (less than 1%, the filbertone content lower than 4 μg/kg); samples with middle contents of hazelnuts (from 1% to 10%, filbertone 4-45 μg/kg); superior samples with high contents of hazelnuts (above 10%, filbertone above 45 μg/kg)." \\
[Čížková, H. E. L. E. N. A., et al. "Filbertone as a marker for the assessment of hazelnut spread quality." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 31.1 (2013): 81-87] [[https://www.agriculturejournals.cz/publicFiles/493_2011-CJFS.pdf]] accessed Nov 16 2021.

{{:corylus_maxi.jpg?|Corylus maxima}} \\ 
Corylus maxima, Essonne, Île-de-France, France (2013) © Bernard Noguès [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/|CC BY-SA 4.0]] [[https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=122974|inaturalist.org]] 

{{:corylusmax.jpg}} \\
Schultz, F.J., Abbildung der in- und ausländischen Bäume, Stauden und Sträuche, \\
welche in Oestreich fortkommen, vol.1: t.148 (1839) [[http://www.plantillustrations.org/species.php?id_species=278054|plantillustrations.org]]